Session 12/ lecture: Larynx

Larynx (voice box)
Curricular Objectives
By the end of this session students are expected to:
Theory
1. Define the larynx and acknowledge its main functions and clinical importance
2. Classify the structures of the respiratory system into upper and lower tracts
3. Outline the surface landmarks of the larynx
4. List the structures forming the framework of the larynx
5. Describe the cartilages of larynx, their shapes, landmarks, locations, and articulations
6. Discuss shapes, attachment, & specific features of membranes & ligaments of larynx
7. Review the extrinsic & intrinsic muscles of larynx and list their actions in general
8. Underline the attachment & action of cricothyroid & posterior cricoarytenoid muscles
9. Appraise the clinical importance of the above two muscles
10. Outline the divisions of laryngeal cavity and sensory & blood supply of the larynx
11. Summarize the motor nerve supply of the intrinsic muscles of larynx
12. Recall the relation of the laryngeal nerves to the thyroid gland and its blood supply
13. Uncover the consequences of injury to the laryngeal nerves
14. Describe the mucous membrane of laryngeal cavity & how it is different on vocal cords
15. Define cricothyroidotomy and list the layers traversed during the procedure
16. Summarize the changes of the larynx during swallowing
17. Acknowledge the role of the larynx during coughing, sneezing and abdominal straining
Practical
1. Locate the larynx, and review its surface landmarks and the structures covering it
2. Identify the cartilages of larynx, their prominent features and the joints in between
3. Name and identify the membranes and ligaments connecting the cartilages together
4. Identify the laryngeal inlet and the structures forming it
5. Label the glottis and the three regions of the cavity of larynx
6. Locate the cricothyroid & posterior cricoarytenoid muscles
7. List the actions of the above two muscles and name their nerve supply
8. Trace the structures piercing the Thyrohyoid membrane to their origin
9. Recall the course of the left and right recurrent laryngeal nerves
10. Define the extent of the laryngeal cavity and identify its landmarks
11. Recognize major landmarks and regions visible through laryngoscope
12. Discriminate the vocal cords, and other structures visible in a laryngoscopic image
13. Follow the pathway of the food from the oral cavity to the esophagus
14. Palpate the cricothyroid membrane and recall its superficial relations

Selected references and suggested resources
? Clinical Anatomy by Regions, Richard S. Snell, 9th edition
? Grant s Atlas of Anatomy, 13th Edition
? McMinn s Clinical Atlas of Human Anatomy, 7th Edition
? Anatomy for Babylon medical students (facebook page)
? Anatomy for Babylon medical students (youtube channel)
? Human Anatomy Education (facebook page)
? Human anatomy education (youtube channel)

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