Community Health Nursing practice 3

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s School Health Guidelines to Promote Healthy Eating and Physical Activity Presentation
October 2011
Learning Objectives Presentation and Activity
1. Define the terms overweightand obesity.
2. Describe three health consequences of childhood obesity.
3. Explain the purpose of CDC’s School Health Guidelines to Promote Healthy Eating and Physical Activity.
4. Identify at least two healthy eating and two physical activity policies or practices that can be implemented in schools to address obesity.
5. Prioritize two guidelines to address obesity, physical activity, and nutrition in your state, region, city, or school district.
6. Name three groups of stakeholders in your state, region, city, or school district that need to be informed about the Guidelines.
Overweight and Obesity Defined
• Overweight:having extra body weight, for a particular height, from fat, muscle, bone, or water. • Obesity:having a high amount of excess body fat. Energy Balance Energy In = Energy Out
Percentage of U.S. Children and Adolescents Classified as Obese, 1963–2008*
4.6
4.2
19.6
18.1
*>95th percentile for BMI by age and sex based on 2000 CDC BMI-for-age growth charts. **1963–1970 data are from 1963–1965 for children 6–11 years of age and from 1966–1970 for adolescents 12–17 years of age. Source: NCHS. Health, United States, 2010: With Special Feature on Death and Dying. Hyattsville, MD. 2011
Obesity Not just an adult concern anymore…
Conditions Seen in Children • High Cholesterol • Type 2 Diabetes/ Impaired Glucose Tolerance • High Blood Pressure • Social Problems and Poor Self-Esteem • Sleep Disturbances • Orthopedic Problems
Obesity in Adults
Obese children and adolescents are more likely to become overweight or obese adults • Heart Disease • Cancer • Stroke • Type 2 Diabetes • Osteoarthritis • Physical Disability • High Blood Pressure • Sleep Apnea
Factors Contributing to Obesity
Genetics Environment Unhealthy Diet Sedentary Lifestyle Lack of Physical Activity
MEDIA
GOVERNMENT AGENCIES
SCHOOLS
FAITH-BASED ORGANIZATIONS
HEALTH CARE PROVIDERSPOSTSECONDARY INSTITUTIONS FAMILY
EMPLOYERS
YOUTH-SERVING ORGANIZATIONS
Y O U T H
School Environments
School Food Environment Low-nutrient, energy-dense foods and beverages are • Served in vending machines, à la carte lines, school stores, fundraisers, and classroom parties. • Marketed to students.
(cont.)
School Environments
School Physical Activity Environment • Daily physical education is not provided in most schools. • Daily recess for elementary school students is not offered at many schools. • Walking or biking to school is less common.
Rationale
Physical activity and healthy eating are linked with
• Academic Success • Health and Well-being
• Risk for Obesity • Risk for Chronic Conditions (e.g., osteoarthritis) • Risk for Chronic Diseases (e.g., cancer)
School Health Guidelines to Promote Healthy Eating and Physical Activity
Purpose: To provide science-based guidance for schools on establishing a school environment supportive of healthy eating and physical activity.
The Guidelines support the • Dietary Guidelines for Americans • Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans • U.S. Healthy People 2020 objectives
School Health Guidelines
1. Policies and Practices 2. School Environments 3. Nutrition Services 4. Physical Education and Physical Activity 5. Health Education 6. School Health Services 7. Family and Community 8. School Employee Wellness 9. Professional Development
GUIDELINE 1 Policies and Practices Use a coordinated approach to develop, implement, and evaluate healthy eating and physical activity policies and practices.
GUIDELINE 1
Policies and Practices
School Health Council
School Health Team
School Health Coordinator
Assess*
Develop and Implement
Evaluate
* Using the School Health Index (www.cdc.gov/HealthyYouth/SHI)
GUIDELINE 2 School Environments Establish school environments that support healthy eating and physical activity.
GUIDELINE 2
School Environments
Selected Strategies to Encourage Healthy Eating and Physical Activity • Promote access to healthy foods and physical activity at school. • Provide suitable facilities for healthy eating. • Establish safe spaces and facilities for physical activity. • Avoid using physical activity as punishment. • Avoid using food items to reward students.
GUIDELINE 3
Nutrition Services Provide a quality school meal program and ensure that students have only appealing, healthy food and beverage choices offered outside of the school meal program.
GUIDELINE 3
Nutrition Services
Promote access to and participation in school meals
Align all foods with Dietary Guidelines for Americans
Make all foods nutritious and appealing
GUIDELINE 3
Nutrition Services
Institute of Medicine’s Nutrition Standards for Foods Served in School www.cdc.gov/healthyyouth/ nutrition/standards.htm
GUIDELINE 4Physical Education and Physical Activity Implement a comprehensive physical activity program with quality physical education as the cornerstone.
GUIDELINE 4 Physical Education and Physical Activity
A Quality PE Program: 1. Curriculum 2. Supportive Policies and Environment 3. Instruction 4. Student Assessment
GUIDELINE 4 Physical Education and Physical Activity
Comprehensive School-Based Physical Activity Program
Walk-or Bike-to- School Programs
Daily Recess for Elementary Schools
Interscholastic Sports
Classroom-Based Physical Activity Breaks Quality Physical Education
Intramural and Physical Activity Clubs
GUIDELINE 5
Health Education Implement health education that provides students with the knowledge, attitudes, skills, and experiences needed for healthy eating and physical activity.
GUIDELINE 5
Health Education
Pre-K–12
National Health Education Standards
Interactive Learning Strategies
Science-Based Curricula
GUIDELINE 6 School Health Services Provide students with health, mental health, and social services to address healthy eating, physical activity, and related chronic disease prevention.
GUIDELINE 6
School Health Services
Health Services
Mental Health Services
Social Services
STAFF
ASSESS
REFER
ADVOCATE
GUIDELINE 7 Family and Community Partner with families and community members in the development and implementation of healthy eating and physical activity policies, practices, and programs.
GUIDELINE 7
Family and Community
Schools
Promote Communication and Involvement
Families Community Members
GUIDELINE 8 School Employee Wellness Provide a school employee wellness program that includes healthy eating and physical activity services for all school staff members.
GUIDELINE 8 School Employee Wellness • Determine Needs of Staff • Engage Administrative Support Staff • Establish and Evaluate Programs
GUIDELINE 9Professional Development Employ qualified persons, and provide professional development opportunities for physical education, health education, nutrition services, and health, mental health, and social services staff members, as well as staff members who supervise recess, cafeteria time, and out-of-school-time programs.
GUIDELINE 9 Professional Development
REQUIRE:
Certification
FOR: PE Teachers Health Education Teachers Nutrition Services StaffPROVIDE: Professional Development Teachers and All Staff
School Health Guidelines
1. Policies and Practices 2. School Environments 3. Nutrition Services 4. Physical Education and Physical Activity 5. Health Education 6. School Health Services 7. Family and Community 8. School Employee Wellness 9. Professional Development
Access to Public-Use Materials on the Guidelines
• School Health Guidelines to Promote Healthy Eating and Physical Activity www.cdc.gov/healthyyouth/npao/strategies.htm • PowerPoint® Presentation www.cdc.gov/healthyyouth/npao/presentationslides.ppt • Facilitator’s Guide to Using the PowerPoint® Presentation www.cdc.gov/healthyyouth/npao/facilitatorguide.pdf • References for PowerPoint® Presentation www.cdc.gov/healthyyouth/npao/references.pdf • Frequently Asked Questions www.cdc.gov/healthyyouth/npao/faq.pdf
Thank You!