LAP 1

LAB1
The Blood
•?Composition of blood: blood has been defined as a highly specialized connective tissue composed of two phases; a liquid phase and a Solid phase . The liquid phase is known as plasma and the solid phase is made up of cellular elements which include: red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets.

The average human body contain about 4 – 6 liter of blood. The cells or cellular elements occupy about 454 of the volume of the blood is settle. The most obvious component of plasma is water about %14 of the plasma. The water has many functions as vehicle for the transport of blood cells and many materials and also important in the temperature regulation. Electrolytes and other substances constitute for about %4 plasma. %4 of the plasma is made up of proteins which perform number of different function e.g. (transport, coagulation, inflammation, antibodies production and regulation of the osmotic pressure and PH.
Blood collection and anticoagulants:
There are two main methods of obtaining blood samples are :-
1- Capillary puncture methods.In this method blood can be taken by pricking :-
A- The lobe of the ear
B- The side surface of the finger
C- The infants from the planter surface of the heel or The great toe.
This method is carried when the test needs little amount of blood.
%- Vein punctures method.
In this method blood can be collected from many sites especially the antecubital veins of the forearm
This method is carried when the test needs a lot of amount of blood.
If we want SERUM, after collection of the blood, its put in a dry and clean test tube for 5 – 15 min under room temperature to allow coagulation, after this put the test tube in centrifuge for 11 min. at 0111 r.p.m. the supernatant represent the serum, this withdraw to another tube to performing the tests.