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الفطريات الطبية

General Characteristics

Fungi include moulds, yeasts and higher fungi. All fungi are eukaryotic and have sterols but not peptidoglycan in their cell membrane. They are chemoheterotrophs (requiring organic nutrition) and most are aerobic. Many fungi are also saprophytes (living off dead organic matter) in soil and water and acquire their food by absorption. Characteristically they also produce sexual and asexual spores. There are over 100,000 species recognised, with 100 infectious agents of man. Moulds are composed of numerous, microscopic, branching hyphae known collectively as a mycelium.