Encapsulation and Abstraction

Encapsulation and Abstraction
All C++ programs are composed of the following two fundamental elements:
? Program statements code: This is the part of a program that performs actions and they are called methods.
? Program data: The data is the information of the program which affected by the program methods.
Encapsulation is an Object Oriented Programming concept that binds together the data and methods that manipulate the data, and that keeps both safe from outside interference and misuse. Data encapsulation led to the important OOP concept of data hiding.
Data encapsulation is a mechanism of bundling the data, and the methods that use them and data abstraction is a mechanism of exposing only the interfaces and hiding the implementation details from the user.
C++ supports the properties of encapsulation and data hiding through the creation of user-defined types, called classes. We already have studied that a class can contain private and public members. By default, all items defined in a class are private.