Anatomical consideration (pulp canal) of all teeth

The root canal usually starts as a funnel-shaped at canal orifice and terminates at the apical foramen. Normal anatomical features of the pulp space include:

1-pulp chamber and root canal
2-pulp horns
3-root canal orifices
4-apical foramina

It is important to understand the anatomical complexity of the spaces in which root canal infection could reside. There are three methods to help to know root canal anatomy which could result in successful root canal therapy.

1-The first method is the textbook knowledge about the number of roots, the number of canals per root and their location. Moreover, it is about the longitudinal and cross-sectional shapes of the root canals, their most frequent curvatures, especially in the faciolingual direction, and root outlines in all dimensions.
2-The second method is the radiographic technique can show missed canals and curvatures, but in a tow-dimensional image. Radiograph compresses three-dimensional anatomy into two-dimensional image or shadow which could limit diagnosis quality. Therefore, three-dimensional techniques has been suggested as an adjuncts to conventional radiographs such as tuned aperture computed tomography “TACT”, magnetic resonance imaging “MRI”, ultrasound “US”, computed tomography “CT” and cone beam computed tomography “CBCT”.
3- The third method is the exploration is a supplementary method for obtaining knowledge about the canal after doing physical access into the pulp chamber, but it has some limitations in finding tiny canals.