dental caries

Dental caries
Dr.Baha,Hamdi.AI-Amiedi
Ph.D.Microbiology
Classification of dental caries
Dental caries can be classified with respect to the site of the lesion and diagrammatically in of lesion as
1- Bit and fissuer
2- Smooth Surface
3- Root surface
4- Recureent carie
Etiology:
The main factors involved in dental caries are the tooth, saliva, supragingival plaque, the diet (especially sucrose intake) and the time necessary for caries development These complex factors can interact in numerous different ways, but certain pat-terns of interrelationships are more likely than others to result in the initiation and progression of carious lesions or healing of an early white spot lesion
Major factores
1-Role of plaque(bacteria)
2-Role of saliva
3-Role of carbohydrate
4-Role of time
Minor factors
MAJOR FACTORS
1. Role of plaque (bacteria)
Normal flora of the oral cavity contains abundance of bacteria which derive there energy by the chemical process of fermentation
Mainly the bacteria are Streptococcus Mutans,and streptococcus sobrinus collectively known mutans streptococci(MS
Theories of dental caries
1-Early Theories :
A-Worms tooth aches caries caused by worm
B-Humors : unbalance between the humors : ( blood , black bile , yellow bile )
2-Vital Theory : origination of dental caries with in tooth it self extensive penetration into the dentin & into pulp
3-Chemical Theory : chemical agents responsible for caries
4-Parasitic or septic Theory : filmentous microorganisms caused decomposition of the enamel and the dentin
5-Chemo - parasitic Theory (Miller 1890) : caries is caused by acids produced by oral cavity microorganisms of the mouth miller 1890 concluded that the process was mediated by microorganisms produced acids and digestion proteins .
6-Proteolytic Theory(Gottlib 1944) : it has been proposed that the organic matrix or protein elements of enamel are the initial pathway of invasion by oral cavity microorganisms
7-Proteolysis – chelation Theory : this theory considers dental caries to be bacterial destruction of teeth where the initial attack essentially on organic component of enamel and the end products of proteolysis acts as a chelating- agent.





















1-Role of plaque(bacteria)
2-Role of saliva
3-Role of carbohydrate
4-Role of time