Thermal Insulating Materials

Thermal insulation is process to reduce the heat losses occurring during winter mounts and heat gain occurring during summer mounts.

Advantages of Thermal Insulation
- It allows better warming in winter and provides to cool off in summer by saving average of 50% of expenditure for heating and cooling

- Fuel consumption reduce , through prevent environmental pollution and global warming.

-Thermal insulation reduce foreign dependency of our country with provide productivity

- Thermal insulation prevent condensation that cause fungi ,mould growth and black taint.

General Features of Thermal Insulation Material
- The heat transmission coefficient of thermal insulation materials should be small
- Thermal insulation materials should be light.
- Thermal insulation materials should be odorless.
- Absorption properties of the materials should be water and moisture
Materials should not be available to nest of bacterias and insects -
Materials should resist to decay. -
Materials should be non –flammable materials -
Materials should be long life. -
-Materials should be suitable to carry and should not damage to human health.
Materials should be economic and obtainable.-

Insulation Materials and Properties
Insulations are defined as those materials or combinations of materials which retard the flow of heat energy by performing one or more of the following functions:
1. Conserve energy by reducing heat loss or gain.
2. Control surface temperatures for personnel protection and comfort.
3. Facilitate temperature control of process.
4. Prevent vapour flow and water condensation on cold surfaces.
5. Increase operating efficiency of heating/ventilating/cooling, steam, process and power systems found in commercial and industrial installations.
6. Prevent or reduce damage to equipment from exposure to fire or corrosive atmospheres.
7. Assist mechanical systems in meeting criteria in food and cosmetic plants.
8. Reduce emissions of pollutants to the atmosphere.
The temperature range within which the term "thermal insulation" will apply, is from -75°C to 815°C. All applications below -75°C are termed "cryogenic", and those above 815°C are termed "refractory".
Thermal insulation is further divided into three general application temperature ranges as follows:
A. Low Temperature Thermal Insulation
1. From15°C through 1°C - i.e. Cold or chilled water.
2. 0°C through -40°C - i.e. Refrigeration or glycol.
3. -41°C through -75°C - i.e. Refrigeration or brine.
4. -76°C through -273°C (absolute zero) - i.e. Cryogenic.
B. Intermediate Temperature Thermal insulation
1. 16°C through 100°C - i.e. Hot water and steam condensate.
2. 101°C through 315°C - i.e. Steam, high temperature hot water.
C. High Temperature Thermal insulation
1. 316°C through 815°C - i.e. Turbines, stacks, exhausts, incinerators, boilers.