2. Software:
The set of instructions that tells the computer what to do is called the computer software or program the user will need to have application software such as word processor, graphics design software, a game or a Web browser.
The User Interface:
To enter data or program instructions, to request that a file be saved or printed, or simply to view the information that has been produced the user will need a user interface.
Types of User Interface:
1) Command-based interface: When using a command-based interface such as MS-DOS, the user has to remember (or look) up a variety of commands and their various options or parameters, making it difficult for novice users to operate.
2) Menu-driven Interface: A menu-driven user interface allows the user to select from a menu, a predefined list of available options or selections. This is already an improvement on the command-driven interface, since the user no longer has to rely on memory to remember the available options or commands.
3) Graphical User Interface: The graphical user interface (GUI) is currently the most popular interface on PCs. It requires a high-resolution graphics monitor. Active applications will have their own window, which can be re-sized at will, often overlaying windows of other applications.
4) Pen-based Interface: Pocket computers and handheld computers are generally too small to incorporate a keyboard. Instead, many combine the liquid crystal display (LCD), which is the output screen, with a pressure sensitive layer that can be used for input. All user input happens by means of a pen-like pointing device.
5) Natural Language Interface: Voice input and output based on a limited set of stored sounds is readily available across all computer platforms, and is widely used by the visually impaired, and for hands-free data input.
Application Software:
? General purpose applications assist a wide variety of users with common information processing tasks such as word processing, web browsing, electronic mail, and scheduling or data management.
? Business applications aim to automate common, generic business functions or processes. They include debtors, creditors, general ledger, inventory management, and sales processing.
? Scientific applications are focused on the needs of scientists and researchers: astronomy, weather forecasting, geographical information systems (GIS), statistics, simulations, engineering drawings, etc.
? Finally, there is a large category of applications that do not fit in any of the above categories, such as computer-based training software or games.
المادة المعروضة اعلاه هي مدخل الى المحاضرة المرفوعة بواسطة استاذ(ة) المادة . وقد تبدو لك غير متكاملة . حيث يضع استاذ المادة في بعض الاحيان فقط الجزء الاول من المحاضرة من اجل الاطلاع على ما ستقوم بتحميله لاحقا . في نظام التعليم الالكتروني نوفر هذه الخدمة لكي نبقيك على اطلاع حول محتوى الملف الذي ستقوم بتحميله .
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