Artificial Intelligent is an important science of Information Technology (IT) College. More specifically, it concerns with the main subject of knowledge representation, search and heuristic strategies. AI is a set of algorithms and methods that focuses to design and implement and intelligent system. The field of AI research was founded at a conference on the campus of Dartmouth College in the summer of 1956. . However, the tremendous popularity of the expert system and artificial biggest projects makes this field as based-system in many applications. Artificial intelligence is based on the assumption that the process of human thought can be mechanized. The study of mechanical—or "formal"—reasoning has a long history. AI application include but not limit to the following field:-
• Game Playing:
Much of early research in state space search was done using common board game such as chess and the 8-puzzle. Most games are played using a well-defined set of rules; this makes it easy to generate the search space and frees the researcher from many of ambiguities and complexities.
• Automated Reasoning and Theorem Proving
Automatic theorem proving is the oldest branch of artificial intelligence. Theorem proving research was responsible for much of the early work in formalizing search algorithms and developing formal representation languages such as predicate calculus and logic programming (PROLOG).
• Expert Systems :
Expert knowledge is a combination of a theoretical understanding of the problem and collection heuristic problem solving rules.
Expert systems are constructed by obtaining this knowledge from a human expert and coding it into a form that a computer may apply to similar problems.
In spite of the promise of expert systems it would be a mistake to overestimate the ability of this technology, current deficiencies include:
• Natural Language Understanding and Semantic Modeling:
One of the long-standing goals of artificial intelligence is the creations of programs that are capable of understanding human language. Understanding natural language involves much more than parsing sentences into their individual parts of speech and looking those words up in a dictionary. Real understanding depends on extensive background knowledge about the domain of discourse and the idioms used in that domain.
• Parallel Distributed Processing (PDP) :
Most of the techniques presented in this text use explicitly represented knowledge and carefully designed search algorithms to implement intelligence. Avery different approach seeks to build intelligent programs using models that parallel the structure of neurons in the human brain. Neural architectures also provide a natural model for parallelism, because each neuron is an independent unit.
المادة المعروضة اعلاه هي مدخل الى المحاضرة المرفوعة بواسطة استاذ(ة) المادة . وقد تبدو لك غير متكاملة . حيث يضع استاذ المادة في بعض الاحيان فقط الجزء الاول من المحاضرة من اجل الاطلاع على ما ستقوم بتحميله لاحقا . في نظام التعليم الالكتروني نوفر هذه الخدمة لكي نبقيك على اطلاع حول محتوى الملف الذي ستقوم بتحميله .
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