The Analysis and Design Phase

Java Characters:
Normally, when we work with characters, we use primitive data types char.
Example:
char ch = a ;
Character Methods:
• isLetter( ) Determines whether the specified char value is a letter.
• isDigit( ) Determines whether the specified char value is a digit.
• isWhitespace( ) Determines whether the specified char value is white space.
• isUpperCase( ) Determines whether the specified char value is uppercase.
• isLowerCase( ) Determines whether the specified char value is lowercase.
• toUpperCase( ) Returns the uppercase form of the specified char value.
• toLowerCase( ) Returns the lowercase form of the specified char value.
• toString( ) Returns a String object representing the specified character value that is, a one-character string
1. Understanding Object in Java
Java is a successor to a number of languages including lisp, Simula67, CLU and SmallTalk.
Java is similar to C and C++ because it syntax is borrowed from them , However a deeper level it very different.

- Objects in Java contain :
STATE and
OPERATIONS or methods.
Programs interact with objects by invoking methods.
Methods provide access to manipulate objects.

- Java programs consists of classes
? Classes :
– To define collections of procedures [methods]
– To define new data types

Example: To define collections of procedures
? Sort an array
? Search