Lecture_2_knowledge_Representation

Knowledge representation is an essential problem of symbolic-based artificial intelligence

In symbolic functionalism we represent intelligence via manipulation of our beliefs about the surrounding world and knowledge we know.
Therefore we have to address two fundamental issues
How to represent knowledge ?
How to implement the process of reasoning ?
State space is a space of possible courses of inference when combining
actual beliefs about current world
general knowledge
rules of inference
Three levels of the Knowledge-based System conceptualization:
system engineering level – physical realization of the system
symbol level – symbol system (program ) specification
knowledge level – knowledge (to be represented) specification

Knowledge Level Hypothesis
There is a distinct computer level lying immediately above the program (symbol level), which is characterized by knowledge as the medium and principle of rationality as the law of behavior.

data – primitive verifiable facts, of any representation. Data reflects current world,often voluminous frequently changing.
information – interpreted data
knowledge – relation among sets of data (information), that is very often used for further information deduction. Knowledge is (unlike data) general. Knowledge contains information about behavior of abstract models of the world.

Knowledge Classification:
according to source: empirical, theoretical
according to orientation: domain, heuristic, inference
according to type: declarative, procedural