First Order Logic

Propositional logic is declarative and it is compositional: meaning of B1,1 ? P1,2 is derived from meaning of B1,1 and of P1,2 and Meaning in propositional logic is context-independent unlike natural language, where meaning depends on context Propositional logic has limited expressive power unlike natural language. for example we cannot say "pits cause breezes in adjacent squares“ (except by writing one sentence for each square of the Wumpus problem).
Examples of things we can say:
All men are mortal:
?x Man(x) ?Mortal(x)
Everybody loves somebody
?x ?y Loves(x, y)
The meaning of the word “above”
? x ? y above(x,y) ?(on(x,y) ??z (on(x,z) ?
above(z,y))
* First Order Logic
Whereas propositional logic assumes the world contains facts, first-order logic (like natural language) assumes the world contains:

Objects: people, houses, numbers, colors, …
Relations: red, round, prime, brother of, bigger than, part of, …
Functions: Sqrt, Plus, …

Can express the following:
Squares neighboring the Wumpus are smelly;
Squares neighboring a pit are breezy.