Solutions

Pharmacist Ghada Hamid

Solutions
They are liquid preparations that contain one or more chemical substances dissolved in a suitable solvent or mixture of mutually miscible solvents.

Classification:
-According to use: oral, otic, ophthalmic, or topical.
-According to composition :
a. Aqueous solutions containing a sugar are classified as syrups (even though some syrups may contain some alcohol).
b. Sweetened hydroalcoholic (combinations of water and ethanol) solutions are termed elixirs
c. Solutions of aromatic materials are termed spirits if the solvent is alcoholic or aromatic waters if the solvent is aqueous.
d. Solutions prepared by extracting active constituents from crude drugs are termed tinctures or fluidextracts, depending on their method of preparation and concentration.

Oral solutions, syrups, elixirs, spirits, and tinctures are prepared and used for the specific effects of the medicinal agents they carry. Additional substances may present, these additional agents are frequently included to provide color, flavor, sweetness, or stability.
In formulating or compounding a pharmaceutical solution, the pharmacist must use information on the solubility and stability of each solute with regard to the solvent or solvent system.