Experiment:10 Determination of the heat of precipitation

Experiment:10
Determination of the heat of precipitation
Theory
Heat of Precipitation is defined as the amount of heat liberated in the precipitation of one mole of a sparingly soluble substance when solutions of suitable electrolytes are mixed.
Precipitation Reactions occur when cations and anions of aqueous solutions combine to form an insoluble ionic solid, called a precipitate. Whether or not such a reaction occurs can be determined by using the solubility rules for common ionic solids. Since not all aqueous reactions form precipitates, one must consult the solubility rules before determining the state of the products and writing a net ionic equation.
Properties of Precipitates
Precipitates are insoluble ionic solid products of a reaction, in which certain cations and anions combine in an aqueous solution. The determining factors of the formation of a precipitate can vary. Some reactions depend on temperature, such as solutions used for buffers, while others are dependent only on solution concentration. The solids produced in precipitate reactions are crystalline solids. This solid can be suspended throughout the liquid or fall to the bottom of the solution. The fluid that remains is called the supernatant liquid. The two parts (precipitate and supernate) can be separated by various methods, such as filtration, centrifuging, or decanting.