Echinococcus, Ascaris, Enterobius

Echinococcus
1) Cystic echinococcosis due to Echinococcus granulosus unilocular hydatid disease.
2) Alveolar echinococcosis, due to Echinococcus multilocularis multilocular hydatid disease.
Clinical findings
- The incubation period for all species of Echinococcus can be months to years, or even decades.
- Forms one large fluid-filled cyst (unilocular) contains individual scoleces and daughter cysts
- Patients are asymptomatic, but liver cysts may cause hepatic dysfunction.
- Cysts in lungs erode into a bronchus (bloody sputum).
- Cerebral cysts cause headache and focal neurologic signs.
- Rupture of cyst cause fatal anaphylactic shock and spread protoscoleces.
Lab. Diagnosis
- imaging techniques, the imaging technique of choice for cystic echinococcosis is ultrasonography computer tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
- histological examination of a tissue biopsy from the patient
- nucleic acid detection (PCR)
- Serologic testsClinical findings
- The incubation period for all species of Echinococcus can be months to years, or even decades.
- Forms one large fluid-filled cyst (unilocular) contains individual scoleces and daughter cysts
- Patients are asymptomatic, but liver cysts may cause hepatic dysfunction.
- Cysts in lungs erode into a bronchus (bloody sputum).
- Cerebral cysts cause headache and focal neurologic signs.
- Rupture of cyst cause fatal anaphylactic shock and spread protoscoleces.
Lab. Diagnosis
- imaging techniques, the imaging technique of choice for cystic echinococcosis is ultrasonography computer tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
- histological examination of a tissue biopsy from the patient
- nucleic acid detection (PCR)
- Serologic tests
Treatment
the most common form of treatment is:
- Open surgical removal of the cysts combined
- with chemotherapy using albendazole and/or mebendazole before and after surgery.