Isothiocynate glycosides

Lec. ( 5 ) Isothiocynate glycosides
Isothiocynate glycosides :
Isothiocyanate glycosides These glycosides upon hydrolysis, yield Mustard oil. Plants containing these glycosides posses non-specific resistance against infection. These agents posses following properties; Vesicant Rubefacient
Black Mustard Botanical origin: Brassica nigra ,Brassica juncea Family: Brassicaceae
Part used: Dried seeds
Chemistry: Seeds contain active principle Sinigrin (potassium myrinate) Upon hydrolysis, it produces; Mustard oil (allyl Isothiocyanate) In addition to this, it contains; Fixed oils Protein Mucilages
Uses: Stimulant Emetic Diuretic Condiment Vesicant Rubefacient

Aldehyde glycosides
Vanilla Botanical origin: Vanilla planifolia Family: Orchidaceae
Part used: Vanilla beans
Collection: Fruit is collected when it is ripen to a yellow color. It is cured by dipping in warm water. Fruit is sun dried by placing it between woolen blankets in the sun during day and packing them in woolen blankets during night. After 2 months, 70-80% of original weight of fruit is lost and it takes a characteristic odor and color of vanilla i.e. Color ….. Violet black Odor …... Aromatic
Chemistry: Before curing, vanilla contains 2 glycosides; Glucovanillin Glucovanillic acid After curing, active principle is obtained i.e. Vanillin Uses: Flavoring agent

Alcoholic glycosides
An example of an alcoholic glycoside is salicin, which is found in the genus salix. Salicin is converted in the body into salicylic acid, which is closely related to aspirin and has analgesic, antipyretic, and antiinflammatory effects.
Alcoholic group of glycosides
Such as: Salicin which obtained from Salix bark, Willow bark.
Salicin hydrolyzed by:
1.Enzyme emolsin
2.Acid like HCl,HNO3
3.Alkaline solutions like NaOH
The effect of salicylic acid :
1. Analgesic.
2. Anti-pyretic.
3. Anti-coagulant (anticlotting agent).
4. Anti- inflammatory activity (Rheumatism)
5. Wart and corn remover
6. Prevents colon cancer
Dr. Saad Ali Ihsan
Professor, Ph.D. in Pharmacognosy & Medicinal Plants