PHYSIOLOGY OF NERVE AND MUSCLE CELLS lecture 8

O B J E C T I V E S :
At the end of the lecture you should be able to

Describe the properties of muscle tissue.


Compare between different types of muscles.


Describe the gross and microscopic structure of skeletal muscles.
Muscle cells like neurons can be excited
chemically,
electrically
and mechanically
to produce an AP that is transmitted along their cell membrane.

Unlike neurons,
they have a contractile mechanism that converts the energy of ATP-hydrolysis into movement of one cellular component along the other.Functions of Muscle Tissue:
Make up “flesh” of the body
A skeletal muscle is made of individual muscle fibers that are the “building blocks” of the muscular system.

Most skeletal muscles begin and end in tendons, and the muscle fibers are arranged in parallel between the tendinous ends.

Each muscle fiber is a single cell that is multinucleated, long cylindrical and surrounded by a cell membrane, called the sarcolemma.

Muscle fibers are made up of myofibrils, which are divisible into myofilaments. These make up the contractile machinery of the skeletal muscle.

The contractile proteins are myosin II, actin, tropomyosin and trponin.
Body movements.
Generating force.
Providing support (Maintain Posture).
Regulating organ volumes.
Movement of substances within the body.
Producing heat (shivering mechanism).