Measurement of blood pressure

Measurement of blood pressure
Definition; blood pressure (B.pr ) is the pressure exerted by circulating blood upon the walls of blood vessels.
Classification; B.pr. Was classified by an American Heart Association as following;
category systole diastole
hypotension Less 90 mmHg Less 60mmHg
desirable 90-119 60-79
prehypertension 120-139 80-89
Stage 1 hypertension 140-159 90-99
Stage2 hypertension 160-179 100-109
Hypertension crisis 180-more 120-more


Equation of estimated blood pressure
Arterial blood pressure = cardiac out put × peripheral resistance
Factors influence Bpr.;
1-diet
2-obesity
3-disease
4-drugs
5-alcohol
6-stress
7-hormonal
Complications related to chronic hypertension;
1-peripheral vascular disease
2-stroke
3-heart failure
4-myocardial infarction
5-left ventricular dysfunction
6-retinopathy
7-nephropathy
8-encephalopathy
Drugs treatment of hypertension
1-deuretic
2-?-receptor blockers
3-angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors
4-angiotensin II receptors blockers
5-Ca ++ channel blockers
6-renin inhibitor
7-?-receptors blockers
8-others drugs