benign and premalignant disease of cervix

Cervical pathologies (1st part)
Introduction and learning objectives:
identify the important anatomical and physiological changes of the cervix in different stages of female s life
to differentiate between the normal and the abnormal changes of the cervical epithelium
to be able to apply the screening tests for the high risk women who are at risk to develop CIN
to know different treatment options for CIN.

PREMALIGNANT CONDITIONS OF THE CERVIX

cervical cancer is a common cancer affecting women.
the estimated prevalence of HPV in cervical cancers is 99.7 %.
about 200 000 women die each year from the disease, 77 % were in developing countries

The disease has a relatively long natural history, and intervention and treatment in the premalignant phase is highly effective.
The accessibility of the cervix and the availability of a simple test for the presence of pre-malignancy make it suitable for screening.
CIN Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia,
graded 1–3 depending on severity: CIN I, CIN II, CIN III

LSIL
Low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion – Bethesda system grade equating to CIN1

HSIL
High-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion – Bethesda system grade equating to moderate and severe / CIN2 and CIN3