Foundation Lect 2

Body Planes : Planes An imaginary flat surface
1.Frontal – anterior/posterior
2.Sagittal – right/left
3.Transverse – upper/lower
Positions A reference point for location or direction.
1.Anterior/Ventral – front of the body Posterior/Dorsal – back of the body
2.Deep – away from the surface Superficial – on the surface
3.Inferior – situated below Superior – situated above
4.Lateral – pertaining to the side
5.Medial – pertaining to the middle
6.Prone – lying face down Supine – lying face up

A. DIRECTIONAL TERMS
Homework make an example terminology
Ana- ( up , backward , against ) example term is Anatomy
ab- away from…………….. ad- toward, near ……………………. ambi- around, on both sides, about ……………….. amphi- around, on both sides ante- before, forward ……………….. anter/o front ………. anti- against …….. apo- away, separation…………… cata- down, under ……………… circum- around ……………. contra- against, opposite ………… dextr/o right …………… dia- through, throughout …………………………. dis- apart, to separate ………………….. dist/o distant………………… ec-, ecto- outside, out………………… en-, endo- inside, within…………….. epi- above, over, upon …………….. eso- within ……………. ex- out, away from ……………exo- outside, outward …………….. extra- outside …………… fore- before, in front …………………….. hyper- above, excessive, beyond ………… hypo- under, deficient, below…… infra- below, beneath …………. inter- between…………. intra- within …………. juxta- near ………… later/o side ………………. levo- left medi/o middle meso- middle para- alongside, near, beyond, abnormal per- through, throughout peri- around, surrounding post- after, behind poster/o behind, towards the back pre- before, in front of pro- before pros/o forward, anterior proxim/o near re- back, again retro- behind, backward sinistr/o left
B . Compound words In addition to the words made up of a stem combined with one or more prefixes and suffixes, there are terms which have a second stem as a component part. Some- Gr. terms may have as many as three stems joined, e.g. leuco-cyt-hemia-leucemia. Nouns, adjectives, and adverbs may be used in various combinations. The first part of a compound word generally indicates its essential meaning which is modified or amplified by the second part .
anthrop- (anthropos-man) anthropo-genesis--origin of man anthropo-metry-measurement of man
bio- (bios-life) bio-logy-the science of living organisms
bi-opsy-examination of a tissue excised from the living body
broncho- (bronchos-gullet) bronchopneumonia
gyneco-mastia
gastro-enterology
hemat-emesis vomiting of blood
Compound Words also Is formed when two or more word roots are used to build the word
e.g. Short/wave Short/hand