Acute Poliomyelitis-CDCreport

Poliomyelitis

ICD-10 A80
1.9.1 Identification

Poliomyelitis is a highly contagious disease caused by poliovirus.

Clinical features:
1. Unapparent infection without symptoms: Up to 95% of all polio infections are unapparent or sub clinical. Estimates of ratio of unapparent to paralytic illness vary from 50:1 to 1000:1(usually 200:1).
2. Minor illness (abortive poliomyelitis): Approximately 5% of polio infections consist of nonspecific illness without clinical or laboratory evidences of central nervous system invasion and is characterized by complete recovery in less than one week. Three syndromes observed with this form of poliovirus infection, which are upper respiratory tract infection (sore throat and fever), gastrointestinal disturbances (nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, constipation or, rarely diarrhea), and influenza-like illness. These syndromes are indistinguishable from other viral illnesses.
3. Non-paralytic poliomyelitis: Non-paralytic aseptic meningitis usually following several days after a prodrome similar to that of minor illness occur in 1%-2% of polio infections. These symptoms will last from 2 to 10 days followed by complete recovery.