ppt of The Cell Cycle and apoptosis theoretical

The Cell Cycle and apoptosis

is the series of events that take place in a cell leading to its division and duplication of its DNA to produce two daughter cells.
Transmission of genetic information from one cell generation to the next requires genome replication during the S-phase, and its segregation to the two new daughter cells during mitosis or M-phase.
The cell cycle has four distinct phases:




1- M mitosis,
2- three interphase periods termed:
G1 (the time gap between mitosis and DNA replication),
S (the period of DNA synthesis),
G2 (the gap between DNA duplication and the next mitosis).

During the G1 phase : there is active synthesis of RNA and proteins, including proteins that control the cell cycle, and the cell volume, reduced to one-half by mitosis, grows to its previous size.
The S phase : is characterized by the synthesis of DNA and histones and by the beginning of centrosome duplication.
G2 phase: relatively short, proteins required for mitosis accumulate..

G0 phase: cell cycle activities may be temporarily or permanently suspended and the new cells begin to specialize and differentiate, some differentiated cells, such as those of the liver, renew cycling under certain conditions; others, including most muscle and nerve cells are terminally differentiated.