Mycology

Mycology
Dr.Kareema Amine Al-Khafajii,Assistant professor ,Department Of Microbiology, College Of Medicine, University of Babylon.
Mycology is the study of fungus. Fungi are eukaryotic organisms that have cell walls made of chitin. Fungi are heterotrophic, saprophytes that break down other sources for nutrients. Fungi can reproduce both asexually (budding) and sexually using spores.
Fungal Cell Structure
Like all Eukaryotes, fungi have a nucleus that surrounds and protects its DNA. Unlike animal cells, fungi have a rigid cell wall that is made of chitin. The fungal cell wall provides protection and support for the cell. Inside the fungal cell wall is the cell or plasma membrane, which regulates the flow of substances into and out of the fungal cell. Fungi also have the following internal structures: nucleus, nucleolus, ribosomes (60S/40S), smooth and rough ER, Golgi, mitochondria, and a cytoskeleton.
Fungi live every where in the air, in water, on lands, in soil, and in and on plants and animals.
Over 100,000 fungi species identified, only 100 are human or animal pathogens.