Ceramic materials are inorganic, non-metallic materials made from compounds of a metal
and a non metal. Ceramic materials may be crystalline or partly crystalline. They are formed by
the action of heat and subsequent cooling. The word ceramic, derives its name from the Greek
“keramos”. Clay was one of the earliest materials used to produce ceramics, as pottery, but
many different ceramic materials are now used in domestic, industrial and building products.
Ceramic materials tend to be strong, stiff, brittle, chemically inert, and non-conductors of heat
and electricity, but their properties vary widely. For example, porcelain is widely used to make
electrical insulators, but some ceramic compounds are superconductors. They are also more
resistant to high temperatures and harsh environments than metals and polymers. Due to
ceramic materials wide range of properties, they are used for a multitude of applications.
The atoms in ceramic materials are held together by a chemical bond, the two most
common chemical bonds for ceramic materials are covalent and ionic. Covalent and ionic bonds
are much stronger than in metallic bonds and, generally speaking, this is why ceramics are
brittle and metals are ductile.
المادة المعروضة اعلاه هي مدخل الى المحاضرة المرفوعة بواسطة استاذ(ة) المادة . وقد تبدو لك غير متكاملة . حيث يضع استاذ المادة في بعض الاحيان فقط الجزء الاول من المحاضرة من اجل الاطلاع على ما ستقوم بتحميله لاحقا . في نظام التعليم الالكتروني نوفر هذه الخدمة لكي نبقيك على اطلاع حول محتوى الملف الذي ستقوم بتحميله .
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