Measure pressure differences

If the sum of the external forces acting on a Fluid element is zero, the Fluid will be either at rest or moving as a solid body in either case, we say the Fluid element is in equilibrium. In this section we consider Fluids in such an equilibrium state. For Fluids in equilibrium the only internal stresses acting will be normal forces. The manometer is used to measure the difference between two difference fluid pressure.In this lecture the solution of the sheet number 2 is presented in details. If the Fluid is heterogeneous, consisting of individual layers each of constant density,then the pressure varies linearly with a different slope in each layer and the preceding analyses must be remedied by computing and summing the separate contributions to the forces and moments.In the static fluid the viscosity not appear.This mean the shear stress not found in fluid at rest.The next sheet consist of many problems deals with fluid flow without viscosity so called ideal fluid. The Bernoulli s equation will derived in details. When insert the effect of viscosity two types of losses will occurs (major and minor losses) and the equation called energy equation.