Traditional grammar classifies words based on eight parts of speech: the verb, the noun, the pronoun, the adjective, the adverb, the preposition, the conjunction, and the interjection. In grammar, a part of speech (also a word class, a lexical class, or a lexical category) is a linguistic category of words (or more precisely lexical items), which is generally defined by the syntactic or morphological behaviour of the lexical item in question. Common linguistic categories include noun and verb, among others. There are open word classes, which constantly acquire new members, and closed word classes, which acquire new members infrequently if at all. Each part of speech explains not what the word is, but how the word is used. In fact, the same word can be a noun in one sentence and a verb or adjective in the next.
1- Noun (N):
-Ali, John, Layla, room, answer, play…
-the boy, the cat, the house, the rich…
-the Iraqi, the British…
-the week, the day…
2- Adjective (adj): is used to modify noun or pronoun.
-happy, sad, new, large, round, beautiful, big, nice…
3-Adverb (of time, place, manner):
(a)Time:
Yesterday, today, tomorrow then, after, before, soon, now…
(b) Place:
Here, there, bank, town, garage, school…
(c) Manner:
happily, slowly, very, rather, hard, well, fast:
4- Verb:
(a) auxiliary:
(Is,are,am),(do,did,does),(have,has,had),(will,shall,can,would,should…)