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There
are further proofs. To language rather than to speaking belong the syntagmatic
types that are built upon regular forms. Indeed, since there is nothing
abstract in language, the types exist only if language has registered a sufficient
number of specimens. When a word like indecorable arises in speaking (see pp.
167 ff.), its appearance supposes a fixed type, and this type is in turn
possible only through remembrance of a sufficient number of similar words
belonging to language
(impardonable [unpardonable], intolerable [intolerable], infatigable
[indefatigable] etc.). Exactly the same is true of sentences and groups of
words built upon regular patterns.
Combinations like la terre tourne [the world turns], que vous dit-il? [what does
he say to you? etc. correspond to general types that are in turn supported in
the language by concrete remembrances.
But we must realize that in the syntagm there is no clear-cut boundary between
the language fact, which is a sign of collective usage, and the fact that
belongs to speaking and depends on individual freedom. In a great number of
instances it is hard to class a combination of units because both forces have
combined in producing it, and they have combined in indeterminable proportions.
المادة المعروضة اعلاه هي مدخل الى المحاضرة المرفوعة بواسطة استاذ(ة) المادة . وقد تبدو لك غير متكاملة . حيث يضع استاذ المادة في بعض الاحيان فقط الجزء الاول من المحاضرة من اجل الاطلاع على ما ستقوم بتحميله لاحقا . في نظام التعليم الالكتروني نوفر هذه الخدمة لكي نبقيك على اطلاع حول محتوى الملف الذي ستقوم بتحميله .
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