A sustainable city, or eco-city is a city designed with consideration of environmental impact, inhabited by people dedicated to minimisation of required inputs of energy, water and food, and waste output of heat, air pollution - CO2, methane, and water pollution. Richard Register first coined the term "ecocity" in his 1987 book, Ecocity Berkeley: building cities for a healthy future.[1] Another leading figure who envisioned the sustainable city is architect Paul F. Downton, who later founded the company Ecopolis Pty Ltd. The field of industrial ecology is sometimes used in planning these cities.

The Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia (ESCWA) organized an Expert Group Meeting to discuss the accessibility and financial sustainability of social security systems in ESCWA member countries. The meeting was held in Beirut from 8 to 9 September 2011. The meeting adopted an integrated approach focusing on social assistance and social security and explored different policy options to strengthen social security systems in promoting social development in ESCWA member countries. At the conclusion of the presentations and discussions, recommendations were made to expand social security coverage and enhance the financial sustainability of social security systems.

The Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia (ESCWA) organized an Expert Group Meeting to discuss the accessibility and financial sustainability of social security systems in ESCWA member countries. The meeting was held in Beirut from 8 to 9 September 2011. The meeting adopted an integrated approach focusing on social assistance and social security and explored different policy options to strengthen social security systems in promoting social development in ESCWA member countries. At the conclusion of the presentations and discussions, recommendations were made to expand social security coverage and enhance the financial sustainability of social security systems.

There are many factors and practices in Iraq that has a negative effect on the overall health of the environment. Some of these issues are included below, fast and immediate remedies should be put in place to prevent further degradation of ecosystems in Iraq and start the healing process for a healthier and restored environment in the country.